Os interesses e as regras: a Convenção de Minamata nas perspectivas do Realismo Neoclássico e Construtivismo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21530/ci.v13n3.2018.780Abstract
A Convenção de Minamata regula a questão dos efeitos do mercúrio no meio ambiente. Essa inciativa global inclui a participação de grandes potências como os EUA e a China, além de outros países em desenvolvimento e que possuem parte de sua produção voltada à mineração. A partir das perspectivas teóricas do realismo neoclássico e do construtivismo, o artigo cria um diálogo entre as duas correntes, apontando a importância tanto da questão do poder quanto da participação de importantes atores globais, quanto no papel das ideias, crenças e das normas na construção de um regime de regulação do uso e dos efeitos do mercúrio. A conclusão aponta que, além do alto custo do constrangimento pela não participação de um regime normativo do meio ambiente, o sucesso da Convenção de Minamata está na participação de Pequim e Washington. Esses países levam à participação de outros atores. Por fim, estimula-se a aproximação dos estudos de meio ambiente com os das teorias de relações internacionais.
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