![](data:image/png;base64,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)
210 Da audácia ao pragmatismo: política externa bolivariana e o Mercado Internacional de Petróleo (2007-2012)
Rev. Carta Inter., Belo Horizonte, v. 14, n. 1, 2019, p. 202-224
Então, estiveram presentes as condições necessárias para tornar possível – sob o
título “Fundo ALBA-CARIBE” – a interligação entre os dois principais projetos até
então firmados pela PEB: a “Aliança Bolivariana para os Povos de Nossa América
(ALBA)”
10
e o projeto “PetroCaribe”
11
. Consta que, durante a bonança petroleira
experimentada em 2008, período em que o combustível atingiu sua alta histórica
(US$121,84), 25% dos proventos advindos da venda do petróleo venezuelano
foram creditados nesse Fundo, cujo propósito é, prioritariamente, auxiliar no
custeio da luta contra a pobreza
12
através do financiamento de programas de
desenvolvimento socioeconômicos estabelecidos nos diversos países que compõem
o acordo multilateral (ASTARITA, 2014).
Compartilhando o mesmo propósito, também em 2008, articulou-se o “Banco
del ALBA”, instituição financeira resultante do acordo multilateral firmado
entre Bolívia, Cuba, Nicarágua e Venezuela
13
. O banco, segundo seu convênio
constitutivo, tem como objetivo financiar o desenvolvimento econômico e social
sustentável, reduzindo a pobreza e as assimetrias ao promover o intercâmbio
econômico justo, dinâmico, harmônico e equitativo entre os países-membros.
Almejam-se os princípios da solidariedade, complementariedade, cooperação e
respeito à soberania dos povos. Entre suas possíveis formas de operacionalizar tais
10 Sobre a ALBA, é fundamental pontuar que tal iniciativa foi articulada, a partir do ano de 2004, enquanto oposição
às negociações da Área de Livro Comércio das Américas (ALCA). Além de importantes diferenças em relação aos
países que comporiam a área de livre-comércio hemisférica – incluindo Cuba e excluindo os EUA e o Canadá –, a
ALBA surgiu como proposta alternativa ao modelo de integração regional hegemônico por contrariar a ênfase que
aquela proposta atribuía aos pressupostos neoliberais na condução do processo. Por sua vez, o projeto de integração
bolivariano se pauta, preponderantemente, nas lutas contra a pobreza e contra a exclusão social a partir da adoção
de estratégias equitativas de cooperação entre as nações. Em linhas gerais, e retomando a argumentação de Villa
(2007, p. 42), pode-se dizer que “a Venezuela concebe um processo de integração em bases não só econômicas,
mas também profundamente políticas”. Atualmente a ALBA é composta por oito países: Venezuela, Cuba, Bolívia,
Nicarágua, Dominica, Equador, Antígua e Barbuda e São Vicente e Granadinas.
11 O projeto PetroCaribe está vinculado à “PetroAmerica”, iniciativa que representa, por sua vez, a estratégia
através da qual ocorre a integração energética sob os auspícios da ALBA. Na prática, essencialmente, o plano
se propõe a promover a integração das empresas energéticas estatais da América Latina e Caribe para, assim,
instrumentalizar acordos e realizar investimentos conjuntos nas atividades relacionadas à exploração e
comercialização de hidrocarbonetos. A proposta confere, nesse sentido, uma acentuada importância estratégica
ao setor, vislumbrando, a partir da integração, a sedimentação de uma governança multinível dos recursos
energéticos no âmbito hemisférico, de modo a assegurar a atuação coordenada entre os participantes, bem como
o planejamento e avaliação dos desafios e necessidades no longo prazo (JÁCOME, 2011). Até a presente data,
a PetroCaribe conta com a participação dos seguintes Estados: Antígua e Barbuda, Bahamas, Belize, Dominica,
Granada, Guatemala, Guiana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicarágua, República Dominicana, São Cristóvão e
Neves, São Vicente e Granadinas, Santa Lúcia e Suriname.
12 Conforme noticiado, oficialmente, pela primeira vez em 13 de agosto de 2007, por Hugo Chávez Frías. (REBELION,
2007).
13 Posteriormente, em 2011 e 2012, respectivamente, São Vicente e Granadinas e Dominica se somaram à iniciativa.