![](data:image/png;base64,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)
204
Rev. Carta Inter., Belo Horizonte, v. 12, n. 2, 2017, p. 197-218
Política externa independente e a institucionalização das atividades espaciais no Brasil [...]
então, que o centro técnico da Aeronáutica replicaria o modelo do Massachussets
Institute of Tecnology (MIT), e o Brasil, inclusive, contaria com o apoio do chefe
do departamento do referido instituto (ESCADA, 2005, p. 47).
Após meses discutindo o plano de criação de um centro técnico, em janeiro de
1946, foi aprovada a Comissão de Organização do Centro Técnico da Aeronáutica
(COCTA). A Comissão foi extinta em 1953, quando cumpriu sua missão de executar
o plano de institucionalização do Centro Técnico da Aeronáutica (CTA), que iniciou
suas atividades no primeiro dia de 1954 em São José dos Campos, São Paulo.
O CTA era uma instituição científica e técnica de pesquisa da Força Aérea Brasileira.
Como centro de pesquisa, sua atribuição inicial era a de formação de cientistas
para o desenvolvimento da tecnologia aeronáutica (COSTA FILHO, 2002, p. 69-69).
Esse era o primeiro passo para superar as deficiências do poder aéreo brasileiro.
Nesse primeiro momento, o Brasil contou com a cooperação dos EUA –
parceiro militar desde 1940 – para a montagem da infraestrutura de apoio para o
desenvolvimento de pesquisas
6
, além da colaboração do chefe do departamento
de Aeronáutica do MIT, professor Richard H. Smith. Foram criados dois institutos
científicos: o Instituto Tecnológico da Aeronáutica (ITA), voltado para a ensino
superior qualificado; e o Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (IPD), que se
concentrava na pesquisa e na cooperação com a indústria.
A criação do ITA, em 1948, foi um marco na formação de mão de obra
especializada para o setor aeroespacial. No início, foram disponibilizados os
cursos de engenharia aeronáutica de aeronaves, aerovias e eletrônica. O objetivo
era suprir a demanda do mercado por recursos humanos qualificados, o que
estava diretamente ligado ao desenvolvimento tecnológico do setor. Para compor
o quadro de técnicos e professores – ainda indisponíveis no Brasil –, foi necessária
a contratação no exterior, como nos Estados Unidos
7
e Alemanha
8
.
Inicialmente, os engenheiros formados no ITA encontraram difícil inserção
no mercado tecnológico brasileiro, devido à falta de um setor produtivo apto a
6 Segundo Costa Filho (2002), o Brasil comprou “equipamentos e material para os laboratórios de motores,
estruturas, metalografia, resistência dos materiais e de máquinas e ferramentas, além de uma parte dos livros
que iriam integrar o acervo da biblioteca do ITA”.
7 Com a falta de técnicos e professores qualificados no Brasil, previa-se que a maioria dos professores seriam
norte-americanos altamente capacitados, contratados por um período de quatro anos, renováveis por mais três.
Após esse período, os norte-americanos seriam substituídos por brasileiros, preferencialmente os formados no
instituto (ESCADA, 2005, p. 52).
8 Um dos nomes mais importantes é o do Prof. Henrich Focke, um dos fundadores da fábrica de aviões alemã
Focke Wulf. Em 1951, o professor alemão mudou-se para o Brasil acompanhado de 20 técnicos de equipe (COSTA
FILHO, 2002, p. 72-73).