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Paulo José dos Reis Pereira
Rev. Carta Inter., Belo Horizonte, v. 19, n. 1, e1399, 2024
11-22
In favor: South Africa, Germany, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada,
Colombia, Croatia, El Salvador, Ecuador, Spain, United States, France,
Netherlands, India, Italy, Jamaica, Morocco, Mexico, Nepal, Poland, United
Kingdom, Czech Republic, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, and Uruguay. In
addition to this group, the joint declaration headed by Germany includes
the following countries that did not participate in the vote: Bulgaria,
Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Greece, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Holland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia.
Against: Afghanistan, Angola, Algeria, Bahrain, Brazil, Burkina Faso,
Kazakhstan, Chile, China, Ivory Coast, Cuba, Egypt, Hungary, Iraq,
Japan, Libya, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Togo,
Turkmenistan, and Turkey. In addition to this group, the joint statement
headed by the Russian Federation includes the following countries that did
not participate in the vote: Belarus, Indonesia, Iran, Namibia, Palestine,
Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, and Venezuela.
Abstentions: Ukraine
Map 1 offers a visual presentation of the distribution of votes in the world,
as well as the countries that supported the statement in favor and those that
supported the statement against that were made by a group of countries. This
makes it possible to make some inferences about the result.
Countries that have already made progress in regulating cannabis for medical
purposes and those that have more advanced public debates on the subject or
are working on new regulations voted in favor of the measure or supported it.
Ecuador, for example, justified its vote in favor because it is working on a
“Regulation for the Therapeutic Use, Prescription, and Dispensation of Cannabis
and Pharmaceutical Products that contain Cannabinoids”. The United States used
in its favorable justification the fact that, in 2018, the drug Epidiolex, produced
by the British pharmaceutical corporation GW Pharmaceuticals, was approved
by the Food and Drug Administration. weighed in this decision the fact that well
over half of its states already had, in 2020, some form of regulation of cannabis
for medicinal purposes. As of Apr. 24, 2023, 38 states, three territories, and the
District of Columbia allow the medical use of cannabis products. Additionally,
9 states allow the use of low THC, high cannabidiol (CBD) products for medical
reasons in limited situations (National Conference of State Legislatures, N.D.).
So only three US states still have no medical cannabis access program (Idaho,
Nebraska, and Kansas).